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Abstracts - Zena Dinesen
With the expansion of marine protected area (MPA) networks, there has been an increasing tension around the allocation of living marine resources to meet conservation objectives. Restricting or prohibiting fishing through MPA zoning can have some unintended and/or undesirable consequences for fisheries resource management. Closures introduced for biodiversity conservation purposes often result in displacement of fishing effort into areas still available to fishing and may also have flow-on economic and social consequences requiring structural adjustment. For instance, the initial licence buyout following the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park rezoning cost the Australian Government over $31 million, with the total cost of assistance to fisheries-related businesses and communities expected to reach $100 million. MPA zoning arrangements may implement a de facto re-allocation of fisheries resources between fishing sectors, e.g. through use of zones which impose significant gear restrictions purportedly for conservation purposes, with the result that commercial fishing activities may become unviable but recreational fishing can continue. Lack of alignment of MPA and fisheries closures results in complex spatial management regimes that may also impinge upon resource allocation. In this paper, specific examples from Queensland-managed fisheries are discussed, with reference to MPAs in the Great Barrier Reef region and Moreton Bay and the relevant legislative and policy frameworks. These examples underscore the need for fisheries managers and MPA planners to work together with stakeholders, to develop a long-term vision for fisheries resource allocation that will meet the social and economic needs of the community as well as broader conservation objectives.
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